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| ====== Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) ====== | ====== Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) ====== | ||
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| + | ===== Presentation Slides ===== | ||
| + | {{:asmr.pptx|}} | ||
| ===== What is ASMR? ===== | ===== What is ASMR? ===== | ||
| - | ASMR also known or stands for autonomous sensory meridian response. People around the world usually call it the tingles or the brain tingles/ brain orgasm (Sciencedaily, 2018). People usually think ASMR is a type of a video. Yet, autonomous sensory meridian response is a type of response from watching certain videos or hearing certain sounds resulting in feelings of euphoric tingling and relaxation (What is ASMR?, n.d). These videos can be incredibly simple, quiet and calming tasks like folding towels, brushing their teeth, flipping magazine pages (What is ASMR?, n.d). | + | <box 40% round right | > |
| + | {{ ::asmr_chill.jpg?400|}} | ||
| + | </box| Figure 1: ASMR is often associated with feelings of pleasure and relaxation and, as a result, has become a trending topic among Youtubers (Carson & Dziekan, 2019)> | ||
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| + | ASMR stands for autonomous sensory meridian response. People around the world usually know it as the tingles, brain tingles or brain orgasms in response to sensory stimuli (Sciencedaily, 2018). Many people are under the impression that ASMR is a type of video. Yet, autonomous sensory meridian response is a type of response from watching certain videos or hearing certain sounds resulting in feelings of euphoric tingling and relaxation (What is ASMR?, n.d). These videos can be about incredibly simple, quiet and calming tasks like folding towels, brushing their teeth, flipping magazine pages (What is ASMR?, n.d). | ||
| However, autonomous sensory meridian response is not the same as sexual arousal. Autonomous sensory meridian response is not the regular kind of orgasm that occurs in the brain due to peripheral manifestations (The ASMR, n.d.). Its responses are triggered by a variety of very odd sensations (The ASMR, n.d.). Interestingly, 5% of the male participants said that they watch ASMR media for sexual relaxation (Etchells, 2016). | However, autonomous sensory meridian response is not the same as sexual arousal. Autonomous sensory meridian response is not the regular kind of orgasm that occurs in the brain due to peripheral manifestations (The ASMR, n.d.). Its responses are triggered by a variety of very odd sensations (The ASMR, n.d.). Interestingly, 5% of the male participants said that they watch ASMR media for sexual relaxation (Etchells, 2016). | ||
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| ASMR doesn’t seem to work for everyone in the population. It can be tough to imagine the sensation if you don’t experience it first-hand (The ASMR, n.d). For the population that does experience ASMR, they get a blissful tingling starting up in the scalp and the making its way through the body (The ASMR, n.d). The public interest in ASMR has risen dramatically over the past couple of years. This also resulted in what they called themselves practicing “ASMRtists” to promote relaxation and sleep (Poerio et al.,2018). | ASMR doesn’t seem to work for everyone in the population. It can be tough to imagine the sensation if you don’t experience it first-hand (The ASMR, n.d). For the population that does experience ASMR, they get a blissful tingling starting up in the scalp and the making its way through the body (The ASMR, n.d). The public interest in ASMR has risen dramatically over the past couple of years. This also resulted in what they called themselves practicing “ASMRtists” to promote relaxation and sleep (Poerio et al.,2018). | ||
| - | <box 40%| > | + | ===== Physiology of ASMR ===== |
| - | {{ ::asmr_chill.jpg?400|}} | + | |
| - | </box| Figure 1: ASMR is often associated with feelings of pleasure and relaxation and, as a result, has become a trending topic among Youtubers (Carson & Dziekan, 2019)> | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | ===== Science of ASMR ===== | + | |
| Evidence shows that Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response is a very complex phenomenon that consists of various physiological parameters (Poerio et al.,2018). Neuroimaging research has revealed trait-level differences in resting-state brain activity between people who experience ASMR (Poerio et al.,2018). For the population that experiences ASMR, it has been shown that there is reduced and increased connectivity in a number of areas called Default Mode Network (DMN) (Poerio et al.,2018). Default Mode Network consists of angular gyri, posterior cingulate, medial temporal gyri, bilateral inferior/ parietal cortices and medial prefrontal cortices (Smith et al.,2017). This network around the brain is linked with internal mental activity and self- referential processing (Poerio et al.,2018). | Evidence shows that Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response is a very complex phenomenon that consists of various physiological parameters (Poerio et al.,2018). Neuroimaging research has revealed trait-level differences in resting-state brain activity between people who experience ASMR (Poerio et al.,2018). For the population that experiences ASMR, it has been shown that there is reduced and increased connectivity in a number of areas called Default Mode Network (DMN) (Poerio et al.,2018). Default Mode Network consists of angular gyri, posterior cingulate, medial temporal gyri, bilateral inferior/ parietal cortices and medial prefrontal cortices (Smith et al.,2017). This network around the brain is linked with internal mental activity and self- referential processing (Poerio et al.,2018). | ||
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| Even in FMRI, study results coincide with the above results. DMN of individuals with ASMR showed significantly less connectivity and increased connectivity around specific regions of the DMN (Smith et al., 2017). | Even in FMRI, study results coincide with the above results. DMN of individuals with ASMR showed significantly less connectivity and increased connectivity around specific regions of the DMN (Smith et al., 2017). | ||
| - | === Decreased connectivity around: === | + | === Decreased connectivity among: === |
| * Right superior and middle temporal gyri | * Right superior and middle temporal gyri | ||
| * Precuneus | * Precuneus | ||
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| </box| Figure 2: FMRI images of the brain where individuals present with decreased connectivity during ASMR, Part 1 (Smith et al.,2017)> | </box| Figure 2: FMRI images of the brain where individuals present with decreased connectivity during ASMR, Part 1 (Smith et al.,2017)> | ||
| - | === Increased connectivity around: === | + | === Increased connectivity among: === |
| * Some regions of the cortex (anterior medial pre-frontal cortex) | * Some regions of the cortex (anterior medial pre-frontal cortex) | ||
| * Between the left superior and middle frontal gyri | * Between the left superior and middle frontal gyri | ||
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| <box 60%| > | <box 60%| > | ||
| {{ ::synesthesia_1.png?600 |}} | {{ ::synesthesia_1.png?600 |}} | ||
| - | </box| Figure 4: 3-dimensional surface rendering of brain regions functionally connected with bilateral visual area V4 in grapheme-color synesthetes. Panels A and B represent synesthetes and control subjects respectively. The circled areas refer to brain regions functionally connected to V4 in synesthetes, but not in controls. Overall the functional connectivity of V4 with other brain regions, particularly those associated with visual color sensation, is more pronounced in synesthetes (Dovern et al., 2012).> | + | </box| Figure 4: 3-D surface rendering of brain regions functionally connected with bilateral visual area V4 in grapheme-color synesthetes. Panels A and B represent synesthetes and control subjects respectively. The circled areas refer to brain regions functionally connected to V4 in synesthetes, but not in controls. Overall the functional connectivity of V4 with other brain regions, particularly those associated with visual color sensation, is more pronounced in synesthetes (Dovern et al., 2012).> |
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| <box 60%| > | <box 60%| > | ||
| {{ ::asmr_by_region.png?600 |}} | {{ ::asmr_by_region.png?600 |}} | ||
| - | </box| Figure 5: Public interest in ASMR and the extent of its application for entertainment and therapeutic purposes worldwide by region (Mooney & Klein, 2016).> | + | </box| Figure 5: Public interest in ASMR and the extent of its application for entertainment and therapeutic purposes worldwide by country/region (Mooney & Klein, 2016).> |
| ===== ASRM & Misophonia ===== | ===== ASRM & Misophonia ===== | ||
| - | In recent years, some researchers suggested that ASMR is related to misophonia, which is a disorder triggered by sound and causes anger and disgust. People with misophonia tend to be extremely sensitive to certain sounds. Studies had showed that many people suffer from misophonia also report experiencing ASMR. They have reported that people who experience misophonia 50% of them also experience ASMR. Interestingly, researchers found that people who experience ASMR also have an elevated results on the Misophonia Symptom Scale.(Fredborg, Clark, & Smith, 2018) | + | In recent years, some researchers suggested that ASMR is related to misophonia, which is a disorder triggered by sound and causes anger and disgust. People with misophonia tend to be extremely sensitive to certain sounds. Studies had shown that many people suffer from misophonia also report experiencing ASMR. They have reported that people who experience misophonia 50% of them also experience ASMR. Interestingly, researchers found that people who experience ASMR also have elevated results on the Misophonia Symptom Scale (Fredborg, Clark, & Smith, 2018). |
| - | ASMR and misophonia represent the opposite ends of a spectrum of experience. For a particular sound, someone may feel highly relaxed while listening to it, ASMR response. Other individual may find it highly aversive, misophonia response.(Fredborg, Clark, & Smith, 2018) | + | ASMR and misophonia represent the opposite ends of a spectrum of experience. For a particular sound, someone may feel highly relaxed while listening to it, ASMR response. Other individuals may find it a highly aversive, misophonia response (Fredborg, Clark, & Smith, 2018). |
| ===== ASMR & Disorder ===== | ===== ASMR & Disorder ===== | ||
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| ===== ASMR & Anxiety ===== | ===== ASMR & Anxiety ===== | ||
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| + | <box 55% round right | > | ||
| + | {{ ::asmr_anxiety_1.jpg?550|}} | ||
| + | </box| Figure 6: Anxiety levels of ASMR (green) and non-ASMR (yellow) subjects before and after watching a 6-minute ASMR-themed video with noise-cancelling headphones (Richard, 2017)> | ||
| A lot of people have started adapting to ASMR as a potential new digital therapy for mental health. Viewers use these videos to trigger ASMR which promotes relaxation and sleep. Some viewers believe AMR is an antidote to depression and anxiety. A wide population of people watch ASMR videos to combat stress and anxiety. | A lot of people have started adapting to ASMR as a potential new digital therapy for mental health. Viewers use these videos to trigger ASMR which promotes relaxation and sleep. Some viewers believe AMR is an antidote to depression and anxiety. A wide population of people watch ASMR videos to combat stress and anxiety. | ||
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| Autonomous sensory meridian response has recently become well-known. The science of ASMR is complex as it relates to physiological parameters. ASMR for babies is commonly used with over 10 million ASMR videos available online. Not everyone responds to ASMR, some people have reported a disgusting feeling in association with it. Sometimes ASMR can be mentally debilitating, which is why precautions must be taken when seeking ASMR as a therapeutic intervention. It is also used to help cope with anxiety and stress. Overall, ASMR is perfectly safe and can be potentially effective. | Autonomous sensory meridian response has recently become well-known. The science of ASMR is complex as it relates to physiological parameters. ASMR for babies is commonly used with over 10 million ASMR videos available online. Not everyone responds to ASMR, some people have reported a disgusting feeling in association with it. Sometimes ASMR can be mentally debilitating, which is why precautions must be taken when seeking ASMR as a therapeutic intervention. It is also used to help cope with anxiety and stress. Overall, ASMR is perfectly safe and can be potentially effective. | ||
| - | ===== Presentation Slides ===== | ||
| - | {{:asmr.pptx|}} | ||
| ===== References ===== | ===== References ===== | ||
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| Brain tingles: First study of its kind reveals physiological benefits of ASMR. (2018, June 21). Retrieved from https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/06/180621101334.htm | Brain tingles: First study of its kind reveals physiological benefits of ASMR. (2018, June 21). Retrieved from https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/06/180621101334.htm | ||
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| + | Carson, E., & Dziekan, M. (2019, May 9). Tingle all the way: ASMR videos chill you out one | ||
| + | soap curl at a time. Retrieved March 18, 2020, from https://www.cnet.com/news/tingle-all-the-way-asmr-videos-chill-you-out-one-soap-curl-at-a-time/ | ||
| Dovern, A., Fink, G. R., Fromme, A. C. B., Wohlschläger, A. M., Weiss, P. H., & Riedl, V. (2012). Intrinsic network connectivity reflects consistency of synesthetic experiences. Journal of Neuroscience, 32(22), 7614-7621. | Dovern, A., Fink, G. R., Fromme, A. C. B., Wohlschläger, A. M., Weiss, P. H., & Riedl, V. (2012). Intrinsic network connectivity reflects consistency of synesthetic experiences. Journal of Neuroscience, 32(22), 7614-7621. | ||
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| Poerio, G., Blakey, E., Hostler, T., & Veltri, T. (2018). More than a feeling: Autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR) is characterized by reliable changes in affect and physiology. PLOS ONE, 13(6), e0196645. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196645 | Poerio, G., Blakey, E., Hostler, T., & Veltri, T. (2018). More than a feeling: Autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR) is characterized by reliable changes in affect and physiology. PLOS ONE, 13(6), e0196645. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196645 | ||
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| + | Richard, C. (2017, July 1). Undergraduate student shares results of research project about | ||
| + | ASMR and anxiety. Retrieved March 18, 2020, from https://asmruniversity.com/2017/07/01/stacey-watkins-asmr-research-anxiety/ | ||
| Science Is Finding Out Why Some Love ASMR Videos and Others Hate Them. (2019, February 12). HowStuffWorks. https://science.howstuffworks.com/life/inside-the-mind/human-brain/science-is-finding-out-why-some-love-asmr-videos-and-others-hate-them.htm | Science Is Finding Out Why Some Love ASMR Videos and Others Hate Them. (2019, February 12). HowStuffWorks. https://science.howstuffworks.com/life/inside-the-mind/human-brain/science-is-finding-out-why-some-love-asmr-videos-and-others-hate-them.htm | ||
