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group_1_presentation_2_-_schizophrenia [2016/03/12 01:09] dheriaj |
group_1_presentation_2_-_schizophrenia [2018/01/25 15:18] (current) |
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| //In some cases, severe cases of just delusions or hallucinations can warrant diagnosis.// | //In some cases, severe cases of just delusions or hallucinations can warrant diagnosis.// | ||
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| ===== Etiology ===== | ===== Etiology ===== | ||
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| <style float-right> | <style float-right> | ||
| - | {{:messages_image_2819283020_.png?520x472}} | + | {{:messages_image_2819283020_.png?520x540}} |
| ''Figure 2: The Interaction Model'' | ''Figure 2: The Interaction Model'' | ||
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| Certain situations trigger or increase the risk of developing schizophrenia, especially in those individuals that are already at risk of developing schizophrenia due to genetic predisposition <sup>[19]</sup>. Stressful events ranging from physical stress to emotional stress can trigger symptoms relating to schizophrenia. These stressful events are the most common trigger for schizophrenia. The nature of stresses induced on an individual can range from prenatal stress in the womb to drug and alcohol abuse. | Certain situations trigger or increase the risk of developing schizophrenia, especially in those individuals that are already at risk of developing schizophrenia due to genetic predisposition <sup>[19]</sup>. Stressful events ranging from physical stress to emotional stress can trigger symptoms relating to schizophrenia. These stressful events are the most common trigger for schizophrenia. The nature of stresses induced on an individual can range from prenatal stress in the womb to drug and alcohol abuse. | ||
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| Some common stressors include: | Some common stressors include: | ||
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| * ++Adolescence| Puberty, social changes, etc.++ <sup>[19]</sup> | * ++Adolescence| Puberty, social changes, etc.++ <sup>[19]</sup> | ||
| * Winter Birth <sup>[18]</sup> | * Winter Birth <sup>[18]</sup> | ||
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| It is important to note that __environmental triggers alone are not sufficient__ to cause schizophrenia (for the most part) <sup>[14]</sup>. Thousands of individuals experience stressful situations throughout their lives without developing schizophrenia and the predetermined susceptibility is, therefore, significant. In other words, the interaction between genetics, brain activity, and other factors along with environmental triggers are generally required for the development of schizophrenia <sup>[19]</sup>. For example,++predisposing genetic factors| //such as single nucleotide polymorphisms or copy number variations,//++ may interact with a wide range of environmental factors. The combined effects may trigger a cascade of pathophysiological processes in the brain. These changes may eventually lead to maladaptive behaviors, thoughts and emotions related to schizophrenia <sup>[14]</sup>. | It is important to note that __environmental triggers alone are not sufficient__ to cause schizophrenia (for the most part) <sup>[14]</sup>. Thousands of individuals experience stressful situations throughout their lives without developing schizophrenia and the predetermined susceptibility is, therefore, significant. In other words, the interaction between genetics, brain activity, and other factors along with environmental triggers are generally required for the development of schizophrenia <sup>[19]</sup>. For example,++predisposing genetic factors| //such as single nucleotide polymorphisms or copy number variations,//++ may interact with a wide range of environmental factors. The combined effects may trigger a cascade of pathophysiological processes in the brain. These changes may eventually lead to maladaptive behaviors, thoughts and emotions related to schizophrenia <sup>[14]</sup>. | ||
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| <style float-left> | <style float-left> | ||
| - | {{:schizo_with_citationawer.png?400x385}} | + | {{:schizo_with_citationawer.png?400x415}} |
| ''Figure 3: Enlarged Cerebral Ventricles in Schizophrenia'' | ''Figure 3: Enlarged Cerebral Ventricles in Schizophrenia'' | ||
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| <style float-right> | <style float-right> | ||
| - | {{:playground:xxx.jpg?450x515}} | + | {{:playground:xxx.jpg?450x525}} |
| ''Figure 4: (Above) There is balanced excitation and inhibition between the pyramidal\\ neuron and inhibitory interneuron. | ''Figure 4: (Above) There is balanced excitation and inhibition between the pyramidal\\ neuron and inhibitory interneuron. | ||
