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public:optical_instruments 2010/07/19 12:21 public:optical_instruments 2017/05/03 21:53 current
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===== Lamps ===== ===== Lamps =====
-Lams Pare non coherent sources that usually emit light propagate to all directions. In photo physics research, lamps are used both for illumination and calibration.+Lamps are non coherent sources that usually emit light propagate to all directions. In photo physics research, lamps are used both for illumination and calibration.
===== Incandescent Lamps ===== ===== Incandescent Lamps =====
Incandescent lamps are the most common type of light source.  Typical incandescent lamps emit light by heating the filament and the emitted light continues broadband spectrum, which can be described by black body radiation. \\ Incandescent lamps are the most common type of light source.  Typical incandescent lamps emit light by heating the filament and the emitted light continues broadband spectrum, which can be described by black body radiation. \\
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{{  :research:optical_instruments:electronics_schematics_of_pulse_sampling_system.png?500  }} \\ {{  :research:optical_instruments:electronics_schematics_of_pulse_sampling_system.png?500  }} \\
-**Electronics schematic of a pulse sampling time-resolved fluorescence spectrometer \\ +**Electronics schematic of a pulse sampling time-resolved fluorescence spectrometer** \\
Time-resolved fluorescence spectrum of Rhodamin B and 9-cyanoanthracene mixture solution is shown here.  Rhodamin B has emission peak at 580nm and lifetime of 3.03ns while 9-cyanoanthracene has emission peak at 445nm and lifetime of 12ns.  \\ Time-resolved fluorescence spectrum of Rhodamin B and 9-cyanoanthracene mixture solution is shown here.  Rhodamin B has emission peak at 580nm and lifetime of 3.03ns while 9-cyanoanthracene has emission peak at 445nm and lifetime of 12ns.  \\
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====== Why Are Lasers Dangerous? ====== ====== Why Are Lasers Dangerous? ======
-The light sources and detectors used in optical instruments are potential sources of hazards to human if not properly operated.  These hazards primarily come from the optical radiation, high voltage electrical devices, and chemicals.  \\ +The light sources and detectors used in optical instruments are potential sources of hazards to human if not properly operated.  These hazards primarily come from the optical radiation, high voltage electrical devices, and chemicals.   
 +\\  
===== Laser and Light Radiation Safety ===== ===== Laser and Light Radiation Safety =====
Optical radiation hazards from the Sun light and high intensity lamps to human have long been discovered since their use in scientific research.  They had not been systematically studied, however, before the invention of laser in the 1960s.  Comparing with other light sources, the collimated beam of laser is capable of concentrating light energy in a tiny volume and short period of time.  In another word, low energy lasers light can have very high irradiance, which is defined as the amount of energy per unit volume and time.  \\ \\ Optical radiation hazards from the Sun light and high intensity lamps to human have long been discovered since their use in scientific research.  They had not been systematically studied, however, before the invention of laser in the 1960s.  Comparing with other light sources, the collimated beam of laser is capable of concentrating light energy in a tiny volume and short period of time.  In another word, low energy lasers light can have very high irradiance, which is defined as the amount of energy per unit volume and time.  \\ \\

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