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group_3_presentation_2_-_oncolytic_immunotherapy [2016/03/11 23:06]
domazee
group_3_presentation_2_-_oncolytic_immunotherapy [2018/01/25 15:19] (current)
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 The activation of cytotoxic CD8 cells occurs through two methods. The first method of activation of CD8 cells occurs in a very similar manner to the CD4 cells. In this case, the CD8 cell co-receptor binds to the peptide:MHC Class I complex.<​sup>​13</​sup>​ The binding of the B7 co-stimulatory ligand to the CD28 co-stimulatory receptor is required for CD8 cell activation as well.<​sup>​13</​sup>​ When CD8 cells are activated by these intracellular interaction,​ they synthesize interleukin (IL) -2, which is a cytokine, and the IL-2 receptor.<​sup>​13</​sup>​ This subsequent interaction allows for proliferation and differentiation of CD8 cells.<​sup>​13</​sup>​ If this process does not provide sufficient co-stimulation,​ the CD4 effector cells can help to activate naïve virus-specific CD8 cells as well.<​sup>​13</​sup>​ In this case, the DC interacts with both CD4 and CD8 T-cells through interactions with the peptide:MHC Class II complex and the peptide:MHC Class I complex, respectively.<​sup>​13</​sup>​ In addition, the IL-2 cytokine that is secreted by the CD4 cell binds to the IL-2 receptor on the CD8 cell, which leads to proliferation and differentiation of the CD8 cell.<​sup>​13</​sup>​ The activated cytotoxic CD8 cells can now exit the lymph nodes and travel throughout the body to kill distant tumour cells. ​ The activation of cytotoxic CD8 cells occurs through two methods. The first method of activation of CD8 cells occurs in a very similar manner to the CD4 cells. In this case, the CD8 cell co-receptor binds to the peptide:MHC Class I complex.<​sup>​13</​sup>​ The binding of the B7 co-stimulatory ligand to the CD28 co-stimulatory receptor is required for CD8 cell activation as well.<​sup>​13</​sup>​ When CD8 cells are activated by these intracellular interaction,​ they synthesize interleukin (IL) -2, which is a cytokine, and the IL-2 receptor.<​sup>​13</​sup>​ This subsequent interaction allows for proliferation and differentiation of CD8 cells.<​sup>​13</​sup>​ If this process does not provide sufficient co-stimulation,​ the CD4 effector cells can help to activate naïve virus-specific CD8 cells as well.<​sup>​13</​sup>​ In this case, the DC interacts with both CD4 and CD8 T-cells through interactions with the peptide:MHC Class II complex and the peptide:MHC Class I complex, respectively.<​sup>​13</​sup>​ In addition, the IL-2 cytokine that is secreted by the CD4 cell binds to the IL-2 receptor on the CD8 cell, which leads to proliferation and differentiation of the CD8 cell.<​sup>​13</​sup>​ The activated cytotoxic CD8 cells can now exit the lymph nodes and travel throughout the body to kill distant tumour cells. ​
  
-<​box ​30% round centre | >​{{:​picture1.png?​300|}} </box| Figure 8 - CD4 T cells can assist with the activation of CD8 T cells through the interaction of IL-2 on the CD8 T cell (Parham, 2015). >+<​box ​31% round centre | >​{{:​picture1.png?​300|}} </box| Figure 8 - CD4 T cells can assist with the activation of CD8 T cells through the interaction of IL-2 on the CD8 T cell (Parham, 2015). >
  
 === Cytotoxicity of CD8 Cells=== ​ === Cytotoxicity of CD8 Cells=== ​
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