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group_2_presentation_1_-_depression [2016/09/22 20:22] chuneh |
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| ====== History ====== | ====== History ====== | ||
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| During the age of enlightenment (18th and 19th century) depression was thought be inheritable and untreatable weakness in temperament. Thus, depressed individuals were locked up in mental institutions and were subject to homelessness and poverty. <sup>[14]</sup> | During the age of enlightenment (18th and 19th century) depression was thought be inheritable and untreatable weakness in temperament. Thus, depressed individuals were locked up in mental institutions and were subject to homelessness and poverty. <sup>[14]</sup> | ||
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| ====== Types and Symptoms ====== | ====== Types and Symptoms ====== | ||
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| **Cyclothymic disorder**: mild, chronic form of Bipolar disorder. A person with cyclothymic disorder experiences both hypomanic episodes and milder symptoms of major depressive disorder for most days for at least two years, with the symptoms being absent for no more than two months at once during that period <sup>[6]</sup>. | **Cyclothymic disorder**: mild, chronic form of Bipolar disorder. A person with cyclothymic disorder experiences both hypomanic episodes and milder symptoms of major depressive disorder for most days for at least two years, with the symptoms being absent for no more than two months at once during that period <sup>[6]</sup>. | ||
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| ====== Risk Factors ====== | ====== Risk Factors ====== | ||
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| * Certain prescription drugs | * Certain prescription drugs | ||
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| ====== Pathophysiology ====== | ====== Pathophysiology ====== | ||
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| ====== Conclusion ====== | ====== Conclusion ====== | ||
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| Overall, depression is a heterogenous, burdensome disorder that exhibits a highly variable course, an inconsistent response to treatment and an incomplete understanding of the underlying neurobiology. Its onset is gradual and it can manifest itself not only in psychological symptoms but physical symptoms as well. Future initiatives are focusing on novel treatments that can start to take effect quicker than the 4-5 weeks required for antidepressants. Research is beginning to look at the use of theta-burst stimulation which involves delivering magnetic pulses to the brain. It is a fast acting, simple, non invasive form of treatment. These magnetic pulses stimulate electric current in the brain and the hope is that repeated treatment can capitalize on the brain's neuroplasticity by changing the way in which the brain's neurons fire. However, this is a very new field and much more research needs to be done surrounding the efficacy and safety of this treatment. | Overall, depression is a heterogenous, burdensome disorder that exhibits a highly variable course, an inconsistent response to treatment and an incomplete understanding of the underlying neurobiology. Its onset is gradual and it can manifest itself not only in psychological symptoms but physical symptoms as well. Future initiatives are focusing on novel treatments that can start to take effect quicker than the 4-5 weeks required for antidepressants. Research is beginning to look at the use of theta-burst stimulation which involves delivering magnetic pulses to the brain. It is a fast acting, simple, non invasive form of treatment. These magnetic pulses stimulate electric current in the brain and the hope is that repeated treatment can capitalize on the brain's neuroplasticity by changing the way in which the brain's neurons fire. However, this is a very new field and much more research needs to be done surrounding the efficacy and safety of this treatment. | ||
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| ====== References ====== | ====== References ====== | ||
