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group_1_presentation_2_-_effects_of_screen_time_physiologically [2020/02/28 12:38] bharga4 |
group_1_presentation_2_-_effects_of_screen_time_physiologically [2020/02/28 21:14] (current) taghizk [Mental Disorders Linked to Screen Time] |
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| ====== Introduction ====== | ====== Introduction ====== | ||
| - | As university students, we are always trying to efficiently manage our time. One such revolutionary method to do this has clearly been technology! Technology offers so many benefits that traditional methods could never achieve. For example, the platform in which you are reading this is a computer as opposed to written notes! You use this same media for many things, whether it be watching TV, playing games, reading, socializing etc. It is truly wonderful how much can be accomplished with just this computer, but you have to wonder how much time you spend online and if it’s good for you. Have you ever stopped and thought about the effect of excessive screen time on your eyes, brain or behaviour? Surely at some point or another you have realized that you must cut down on your screen time and find healthier habits. We know that it can’t be good to be on our computers all the time, yet we never actually thought about why it might be bad. In contrast, we obviously use technology because it offers so much compared to conventional method. Therefore, our presentation and wiki sought to examine the pros and the cons of screen time. | + | As university students, we are always trying to efficiently manage our time. One such revolutionary method to do this has clearly been technology! Technology offers so many benefits that traditional methods could never achieve. For example, the platform in which you are reading this is a computer as opposed to written notes! You use this same media for many things, whether it be watching shows, playing games, reading, socializing etc. It is truly wonderful how much can be accomplished with just this computer, but you have to wonder how much time you spend online and if it’s good for you. Have you ever stopped and thought about the effect of excessive screen time on your eyes, brain or behaviour? Surely at some point or another you have realized that you must cut down on your screen time and find healthier habits. We know that it can’t be good to be on our computers all the time, yet we never actually thought about why it might be bad. In contrast, we obviously use technology because it offers so much compared to conventional method. Therefore, our presentation and wiki sought to examine the pros and the cons of screen time. |
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| {{ :infographic_melatonin-by-kenkou.jpg?500 |}} | {{ :infographic_melatonin-by-kenkou.jpg?500 |}} | ||
| - | Figure 3: Infographic showcasing the determinate effect of using a smartphone, and related devices in the evening. Such electronics emit a blue light, which thus alters the circadian rhythm and causes a suppression in the the production of melatonin at night (Bowler & Bourke, 2019). As a result, the pineal gland is unable to produce melatonin, which is it's normal function during evening hours (Bowler & Bourke, 2019). Due to this, the melatonin is unable to regulate the sleep cycle, ultimately disrupting sleep. | + | Figure 3: Infographic showcasing the detrimental effect of using a smartphone, and related devices in the evening. Such electronics emit a blue light, which thus alters the circadian rhythm and causes a suppression in the the production of melatonin at night (Bowler & Bourke, 2019). As a result, the pineal gland is unable to produce melatonin, which is it's normal function during evening hours (Bowler & Bourke, 2019). Due to this, the melatonin is unable to regulate the sleep cycle, ultimately disrupting sleep. |
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| ====== Mental Disorders Linked to Screen Time ====== | ====== Mental Disorders Linked to Screen Time ====== | ||
| - | The National Institute of Health estimates that kids spend approximately 5-7 hours daily using screens for entertainment. This is almost double the amount of time kids spent 10 years ago. According to several studies and Dr. Peggy Scallon, screen time is one of the major reasons for increased case of anxiety, depression and many other mental health problems in kids (Scallon et al., 2018). Increased screen time means that kids spend less time with their family and friends and therefore, do not get enough face to face interaction, causing them to grow up in a harmful mental health environment. Dr. Heather Jones explains that kids usually try to avoid dealing with anxiety and depression by using their phones, TV and games. However, in the long run, this leads to an increased feeling of anxiety and depression. Therefore, the American Academy of Pediatrics has recommended less than two hours of entertainment screen time daily for children above age 2 (Scallon et al., 2018). | + | The National Institute of Health estimates that kids spend approximately 5-7 hours daily using screens for entertainment. This is almost double the amount of time kids spent 10 years ago. According to several studies and Dr. Peggy Scallon, screen time is one of the major reasons for increased case of anxiety, depression and many other mental health problems in kids (Scallon et al., 2018). Increased screen time means that kids spend less time with their family and friends and therefore, do not get enough face to face interaction, causing them to grow up in a harmful mental health environment. Dr. Heather Jones explains that kids usually try to avoid dealing with anxiety and depression by using their phones, TV and games. However, in the long run, this leads to an increased feeling of anxiety and depression. (Scallon et al., 2018). |
| - | Children below the age of 2 need the stimuli from real world in order to develop certain skills. Multiple studies have found that increased screen time exposure in children below the age of 2 is linked with cognitive delay. Without the interactions in real life, children lose the ability to communicate successfully. Children’s behaviour is another aspect that is significantly affected by screen time. Several studies have linked increased screen time to several behavioural problems such as outbursts, controlling behaviour and extreme competitiveness (Twenge et al., 2018). Electronic devices give children instant satisfaction and this could cause impatience and attention issues. For instance, a recent study showed that using digital media can double the risk of developing attention issues (Twenge et al., 2018). | + | Children below the age of 2 need the stimuli from real world in order to develop certain skills. Multiple studies have found that increased screen time exposure in children below the age of 2 is linked with cognitive delay. Without the interactions in real life, children lose the ability to communicate successfully. Children’s behaviour is also significantly affected by screen time. Several studies have linked increased screen time to several behavioural problems such as outbursts and extreme competitiveness (Twenge et al., 2018). |
| In addition, another study found out that children who spent 7 hours or more daily on screens are more than twice as likely to experience anxiety and depression, compared to those who only use screens for an hour daily (Twenge et al., 2018). Moderate users who spent 4 hours daily on screens were also associated with lower well-being. This study was done on 40,000 kids from 2-17 years old. This sample was designed to be a good representative of all United states children. 9,361 were 2-5 years old, 10,668 were 6-10 years old, 7,555 were 11-13 years old and 12,753 were 14-17 years old. On the survey, two different types of questions were asked. The first was in regards to screen time on TV and video games and the second question was in regards to screen time on cellphones and other digital devices. The number of hours spent on both was then added and separated into eight different categories (Twenge et al., 2018). | In addition, another study found out that children who spent 7 hours or more daily on screens are more than twice as likely to experience anxiety and depression, compared to those who only use screens for an hour daily (Twenge et al., 2018). Moderate users who spent 4 hours daily on screens were also associated with lower well-being. This study was done on 40,000 kids from 2-17 years old. This sample was designed to be a good representative of all United states children. 9,361 were 2-5 years old, 10,668 were 6-10 years old, 7,555 were 11-13 years old and 12,753 were 14-17 years old. On the survey, two different types of questions were asked. The first was in regards to screen time on TV and video games and the second question was in regards to screen time on cellphones and other digital devices. The number of hours spent on both was then added and separated into eight different categories (Twenge et al., 2018). | ||
| - | Approximately 20% of children between 14-17 years old spent 7 hours using screens, each day. Along with depression and anxiety, they also found out that they were not able to focus properly and found it harder to finish their tasks without getting distracted. As seen in figure 4, with an increase in screen time, the percentage of kids who were curious and interested in learning new things also increased significantly. Between 14-17 years old, moderate uses (users who spent around 4 hours on screens) were 78% more likely not to be curious or willing to learn (Twenge et al., 2018). | + | Approximately 20% of children between 14-17 years old spent 7 hours using screens, each day. Along with depression and anxiety, they also found out that they were not able to focus properly and found it harder to finish their tasks without getting distracted. As seen in figure 4, with an increase in screen time, the percentage of kids who were not curious in learning new things also increased significantly. Between 14-17 years old, moderate uses (users who spent around 4 hours on screens) were 78% more likely not to be curious or willing to learn (Twenge et al., 2018). |
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| - | Figure 6: The relationship between the hours spent on screen and % of kids arguing much with their caregivers. The sample contains kids between the ages of 6-17. | + | Figure 6: The relationship between the hours spent on screen and % of kids arguing too much with their caregivers. The sample contains kids between the ages of 6-17. |
| </WRAP> | </WRAP> | ||
